Describe the "holding pattern" in aviation.

The "holding pattern" in aviation refers to a specific maneuver that aircraft fly while awaiting further instructions from air traffic control. It is designed to help manage air traffic and ensure safe separation between aircraft. When an aircraft reaches a location where it cannot land immediately—such as when there is congestion at an airport or due to weather conditions—air traffic control may instruct the pilot to enter a holding pattern.

In a holding pattern, the aircraft flies in a circular or oval path, usually at a specified altitude and airspeed, until air traffic control provides further guidance, such as clearance to land or instructions to proceed to a different route. This ensures that the aircraft remains in a controlled airspace and reduces the risk of collisions or overcrowding in the vicinity of the airport.

Understanding holding patterns is essential for pilots to maintain situational awareness and comply with air traffic control instructions while safely managing flight operations.