What does the term "runway incursion" refer to?

The term "runway incursion" specifically refers to an event where an unauthorized vehicle, person, or aircraft is present on a runway. This situation poses a significant safety risk, as it can lead to accidents or collisions between aircraft taking off or landing and the unauthorized presence. It is vital for airports to maintain strict control and monitoring of runway access to prevent such incidents. Runway incursions can occur due to various reasons, including miscommunication, failure to follow procedures, or lack of situational awareness among ground personnel or pilots. Understanding this definition is crucial for ensuring aviation safety and maintaining effective protocols at airports.