Which statement best defines turbulence?

The statement that best defines turbulence is that it refers to sudden changes in airflow affecting flight. Turbulence occurs when there are fluctuations in the velocity and direction of the air, which can be caused by various factors such as atmospheric pressure changes, weather fronts, thunderstorms, or even flying over mountainous terrain. These sudden changes can create a bumpy ride, affecting the aircraft's stability and making it challenging for pilots to maintain a steady flight path. Understanding turbulence is essential for pilots as it plays a critical role in ensuring safe and smooth aircraft operation, especially during takeoff and landing phases. Additionally, recognizing turbulence helps pilots in making informed decisions regarding flight routes and altitude adjustments.